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The following table shows why Bt 176 corn pollen is toxic to butterfly
larvae. Bt 176 contains a pollen-specific promoter that is very
effective in causing Bt protein to be produced in the corn pollen.
| Bt event |
promoter element(s) |
amount of Bt protein in pollen*
|
| Bt 176 |
1) A promoter derived from a pollen-specific protein
kinase in maize, linked to the Bt CryIA(b) gene. This promoter
causes the Bt protein to be produced in the pollen.
2) A promoter derived from phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in
maize, linked to the Bt CryIA(b) gene. This promoter causes
the Bt protein to be produced in green tissues such as stems
and leaves. There is little or no Bt protein produced in the
kernels.
Specific information on the origin of these promoters is available
at http://www.aphis.usda.gov/biotech/
dec_docs/9431901p_det.HTM. Scroll down to section IV. Analysis
of the properties of event 176 corn, then down to subheading
A on the introduced genes and their products. |
1.1 to 7.1 micrograms per gram of pollen |
| Bt 11 |
The promoter from the cauliflower mosaic virus
35S gene, linked to the Bt CryIA(b) gene. This promoter causes
the Bt protein to be produced in all tissues of the plant. |
0.09 micrograms per gram of pollen |
| MON810 |
The promoter from the cauliflower mosaic virus
35S gene, linked to the Bt CryIA(b) gene. This promoter causes
the Bt protein to be produced in all tissues of the plant. |
0.09 micrograms per gram of pollen |
* This information is from Sears
et al., 2001.
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